Edema refers to the accumulation of fluid in the body. It most commonly affects the feet, ankles, and legs, but it can occur anywhere on the body. It’s important to note that edema is a symptom, not a disease. It is more frequently observed in pregnant women and older adults, but it can affect anyone. When swelling occurs throughout the entire body, the condition is known as anasarca.

Once the swelling is noticed, your doctor will assess the situation by checking for varicose veins, wounds, or infections. If further investigation is needed, they may order additional tests such as:

X-rays
CT scans
MRI scans
Urinalysis
Blood tests

The most obvious symptom of edema is swelling, caused by fluid buildup. This is often accompanied by a feeling of tightness or pressure in the affected area. It may also feel unusually heavy or “full.” Additional symptoms may vary depending on the underlying cause of the condition.
What Causes Edema?
There are many possible causes of edema, ranging from mild and temporary to more serious underlying health conditions. Some of the most common causes include:
Prolonged standing or sitting: This can cause fluid to pool in the lower limbs, especially at the end of the day.